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In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, a range of institutions in and beyond the United States embraced the conviction that scientific knowledge could be deliberately applied to reshape public attitudes, dismantle prejudice, and secure democratic social relations. This report examines two intertwined instances of this post-war "social engineering" impulse: the Commission on Community Interrelations (CCI), a social action research organization launched by the American Jewish Congress in 1945 with Kurt Lewin as its chief consultant, and the campaign by UNESCO to redefine the concept ...